A concrete batching plant produces 0.5 m³ per batch with a cycle time of 3 minutes. Working at 50 productive minutes per hour, the output per hour is:

Productive cycles/hr = 50 min ÷ 3 min = 16.67 cycles. Output = 16.67 × 0.5 m³ = 8.33 m³/hr. Efficiency factor accounts for changeover, setup and minor delays; a 50/60 ratio (83%) is standard for batching plants.

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