In IS 456, the 'effective length' of a column in a non-sway frame with both ends fixed against rotation is:
Choose the correct answer
Le = L (same as pinned-pinned)
Le = 0.5L — both ends fully fixed gives shortest effective length in non-sway frame
Le = 2L (sway frame condition)
Le = 0.75L
Correct Answer
B. Le = 0.5L — both ends fully fixed gives shortest effective length in non-sway frame
Why is this the answer?
IS 456 Annex E: effective length for non-sway (braced) frames — depends on end conditions. Both ends rigidly fixed: Le = 0.5L (best). One end fixed, one end pin: Le = 0.7L. Both ends pinned: Le = 1.0L. For sway (unbraced) frames: Le > L always (Le = 2L for fixed-free; Le approaches infinity for pinned-pinned in sway). IS 456 Table 28 gives standard cases.
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