The 'creep coefficient' φ for concrete (IS 456) is defined as the ratio of:
Choose the correct answer
Ultimate strain / yield strain
Creep strain / elastic strain under the same sustained stress — IS 456 Table 2 gives φ=1.6–2.2 depending on age
Drying shrinkage / thermal strain
Deflection at service / deflection at ultimate
Correct Answer
B. Creep strain / elastic strain under the same sustained stress — IS 456 Table 2 gives φ=1.6–2.2 depending on age
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Creep coefficient φ = creep strain / elastic strain (all under sustained load at long term). IS 456 Table 2: φ depends on age of loading: 28-day loading φ = 1.6 (humid) to 2.2 (arid); 7-day: higher; 1-year: lower. Total strain under sustained load = elastic strain × (1+φ). For pre-stressed concrete: creep loss = E_s × ε_creep = important. Effective modulus: E_eff = Ec/(1+φ) for long-term.
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