In IS 456 (LSM), the design of a short axially loaded column uses the formula:

IS 456 Cl. 39.3: Pu = 0.4fck·Ac + 0.67fy·Asc where Pu = factored axial load, Ac = net concrete area, Asc = area of steel. The factors 0.4 and 0.67 account for partial safety factors (0.67fck/1.5 ≈ 0.447fck rounded, and 0.87fy adjusted for long column reduction — actually 0.4 and 0.67 are IS 456 specific values).

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