Using Darcy law, k=0.0001 m/s, hydraulic gradient=0.5 and area=2.0 m². Discharge is

Darcy's law: Q = k * i * A, where k = coefficient of permeability (m/s), i = hydraulic gradient (= head loss / flow length, dimensionless), A = cross-sectional area of flow (m^2). Valid for laminar flow through saturated porous media (Re_porous < 1). Not valid for gravels or at high gradients (turbulent seepage). Q=k i A=0.0001×0.5×2.0=0.0001 m³/s.

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