The term 'latitudes and departures' in traverse surveying refers to:
Choose the correct answer
The angles measured at each traverse station
Northing (latitude = L cosθ) and Easting (departure = L sinθ) components of each survey line
Elevation of survey stations
Horizontal and vertical angles
Correct Answer
B. Northing (latitude = L cosθ) and Easting (departure = L sinθ) components of each survey line
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Latitude = component of a survey line projected onto the N-S (meridian) axis = L·cosθ (N or S). Departure = component projected onto E-W axis = L·sinθ (E or W). In a closed traverse: ΣLatitudes = 0 and ΣDepartures = 0 (theoretically). Error of closure: √(ΔL²+ΔD²). Corrected by Bowditch rule: correction ∝ line length.
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