The Probable Maximum Flood (PMF) is derived from:
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100-year return period rainfall
The Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) applied to a design unit hydrograph, with simultaneous snowmelt if applicable, used for spillway design of high-hazard dams
50-year flood frequency analysis
Arithmetic mean of all recorded floods
Correct Answer
B. The Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) applied to a design unit hydrograph, with simultaneous snowmelt if applicable, used for spillway design of high-hazard dams
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PMF = flood from PMP (Probable Maximum Precipitation = theoretically largest precipitation for a given duration/area, physically possible with existing atmospheric moisture and dynamics). PMF is not assigned a return period (it is an extreme upper bound). Used for: spillway design of large dams (Category I/high hazard), nuclear plant siting. Standard Project Flood (SPF) is typically 40-50% of PMF.
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