The NPSH (Net Positive Suction Head) concept in pump design refers to:
Choose the correct answer
Total pump head capacity
Absolute pressure head at pump inlet minus vapour pressure head — must exceed pump''s required NPSH to prevent cavitation
Maximum pump discharge head
Pipe friction head loss on suction side only
Correct Answer
B. Absolute pressure head at pump inlet minus vapour pressure head — must exceed pump''s required NPSH to prevent cavitation
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NPSH_available = (p_atm + p_s)/(ρg) − z_s − hf_s − pv/(ρg). It is the head available at pump inlet above vapour pressure. If NPSH_available < NPSH_required (by pump maker), cavitation occurs — vapour bubbles form and collapse violently causing pitting and noise. Limit suction lift and pipe losses to avoid cavitation.
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