The 'Muller-Breslau principle' is used for:
Choose the correct answer
Computing load combinations for columns
Drawing influence lines — deflected shape after releasing unit constraint = IL for that response
Finding natural frequencies
Calculating torsional stiffness
Correct Answer
B. Drawing influence lines — deflected shape after releasing unit constraint = IL for that response
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Muller-Breslau (or virtual work): influence line for any response quantity (reaction, shear, moment) at a section is the deflected shape of the structure when a unit virtual deformation (releasing the constraint for that response) is applied at that section. For reaction: remove support and apply unit displacement → deflected shape = IL for that reaction. Very powerful for continuous beams and frames.
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