The 'hydrographic survey' is conducted to determine water body characteristics including:
Choose the correct answer
Only topographic mapping of land area near water
Water depths (soundings), shoreline, bottom type, and currents — nautical charts and bathymetric maps for ports, bridges, reservoirs
Only groundwater quality testing
Rainfall measurement over water bodies
Correct Answer
B. Water depths (soundings), shoreline, bottom type, and currents — nautical charts and bathymetric maps for ports, bridges, reservoirs
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Hydrographic survey: mapping of underwater (submarine) terrain and features. Components: (1) Water depths (soundings) using echo sounder or multibeam sonar; (2) Shoreline delineation; (3) Bottom sediment type; (4) Current velocity/direction; (5) Tidal levels. Products: nautical chart, bathymetric map. Equipment: DGPS for position + echo sounder for depth. Applications: port/harbour design, dredging, bridge pier location, reservoir capacity.
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