The 'grouting' method used to fill large voids in karstic limestone is:
Choose the correct answer
Compaction grouting (too viscous for large voids)
Bulk (filling) grouting — cement-bentonite slurry poured or pumped into large karstic voids and mine workings
Chemical grouting with silicates only
Electro-osmosis (for cohesive soils only)
Correct Answer
B. Bulk (filling) grouting — cement-bentonite slurry poured or pumped into large karstic voids and mine workings
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Types of grouting: (1) Permeation (chemical) grouting: low-viscosity chemicals (sodium silicate, acrylate) for fine sands; (2) Compaction grouting: stiff grout densifies loose soil; (3) Jet grouting: high-pressure jet cuts soil + grout forms column; (4) Bulk/filling grouting: cement-bentonite slurry poured into large voids (karst caves, old mine workings, tunnels). Karst voids: drilling + gravity/low-pressure cement filling.
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