The 'geosynthetic reinforced soil wall' (GRS) functions by:
Choose the correct answer
Like a concrete gravity retaining wall (no reinforcement needed)
Horizontal geosynthetic layers in compacted fill carry tension, confining soil and enabling stable steep-faced walls
The facing alone carries all loads
By pre-stressing the soil
Correct Answer
B. Horizontal geosynthetic layers in compacted fill carry tension, confining soil and enabling stable steep-faced walls
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GRS (Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil) retaining wall: geogrid or geotextile layers placed horizontally in compacted soil fill. Reinforcement acts as tensile member; mobilises friction from surrounding soil. Equivalent to increasing horizontal confining stress. Construction: wrapped face or block/panel face. Analysis: internal stability (tensile failure of geogrid, pullout) and external stability (overturning, sliding, bearing). Cost 30–50% less than concrete retaining walls.
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