The 'flood frequency analysis' using Gumbel''s method assumes the annual maximum flood follows:
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Normal distribution
Extreme Value Type I (Gumbel) distribution — uses annual maximum flood series
Uniform distribution
Binomial distribution
Correct Answer
B. Extreme Value Type I (Gumbel) distribution — uses annual maximum flood series
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Gumbel (Extreme Value Type I) distribution: F(x) = e^(−e^(−y)) where y = (x−μ)/σ is the reduced variate. For return period T: yT = −ln(−ln(1−1/T)). Gumbel parameters estimated from sample mean and std dev. Used for flood peak frequency (T = 100 year design flood for major structures). Assumes annual maxima are extreme-value distributed.
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