The 'elastic settlement' of a footing on sand is estimated using:
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Terzaghi''s consolidation equation
Elastic theory: Si = qB(1-μ²)Is/E — immediate settlement using soil elastic modulus and Poisson''s ratio
Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion
Proctor compaction test results
Correct Answer
B. Elastic theory: Si = qB(1-μ²)Is/E — immediate settlement using soil elastic modulus and Poisson''s ratio
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Elastic (immediate) settlement: Si = qB(1−μ²)Is/E where q = net foundation pressure, B = footing width, μ = Poisson''s ratio (0.3 for sand), Is = influence factor (depends on L/B and D/B — Steinbrenner chart), E = modulus of elasticity of soil (from PLT, SPT, or CPT). In sand: Si occurs immediately on loading (no excess pore pressure in drained sand). Primary consolidation settlement in clay.
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