The 'critical hydraulic gradient' for quick condition (heave) in cohesionless soil is approximately:
Choose the correct answer
ic = 0.5 always
ic = (G−1)/(1+e) ≈ 1.0 for typical sands
ic = G (specific gravity)
ic = e (void ratio)
Correct Answer
B. ic = (G−1)/(1+e) ≈ 1.0 for typical sands
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ic = (G − 1)/(1 + e) where G = specific gravity of solids ≈ 2.67, e = void ratio. For G=2.67, e=0.67: ic = 1.67/1.67 = 1.0. At i ≥ ic, effective stress = 0, soil loses strength (quicksand condition). Design factor of safety against heave: provide drainage or surcharge to keep actual i well below ic.
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