The 'bulk storage silo' (bin) for granular materials is designed for:
Choose the correct answer
Only external wind load (no material pressure)
Granular material pressure (Janssen theory for deep bins), eccentric fill/discharge, and flow patterns (mass/funnel)
Same as water tank design
Only the weight of stored material on the floor
Correct Answer
B. Granular material pressure (Janssen theory for deep bins), eccentric fill/discharge, and flow patterns (mass/funnel)
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Silo design: Janssen''s theory (1895) for deep bins — granular material develops wall friction → horizontal pressure p_h = γ/K_μ × (1−e^(-K_μ z/R)) where K=lateral pressure ratio, μ=wall friction, R=hydraulic radius of plan. For shallow bins: Rankine. Pressures depend on: eccentric filling/discharge (causes unsymmetric loads → bending + hoop), mass flow vs funnel flow. IS 875 and Eurocode EN 1991-4 cover silo loads.
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