Specific energy in an open channel flow is defined as energy per unit weight measured above:
Choose the correct answer
Mean sea level
The channel bed (energy measured from the bed as datum)
The water surface
The top of the bank
Correct Answer
B. The channel bed (energy measured from the bed as datum)
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Specific energy E = y + V²/(2g) = y + Q²/(2gA²). It is energy per unit weight measured from channel bed (not a datum). At minimum E, flow is critical (dE/dy = 0 gives critical depth). E-y diagram shows sub and supercritical branches joining at critical point (yc, Emin).
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