In an 'Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket' (UASB) reactor, the 'sludge blanket' refers to:
Choose the correct answer
A sand filter at the bottom
Dense granular anaerobic biomass through which wastewater flows upward — produces biogas with short HRT
Chemical sludge from coagulation
Primary settled sludge stored in tank
Correct Answer
B. Dense granular anaerobic biomass through which wastewater flows upward — produces biogas with short HRT
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UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket): wastewater fed from bottom; flows up through a dense sludge blanket of granular anaerobic biomass. Methanogenic bacteria form granules (1–5 mm). Gas-Liquid-Solid separator (GLSS) at top captures gas (biogas = 60–70% CH4) and settles sludge back. HRT = 4–8 hours. Popular in India for domestic sewage and distillery effluent. Temperature: 25–35°C optimal.
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