A 'grade separator' (interchange) is provided on highways when:
Choose the correct answer
The road is completely straight
Traffic volumes are too high or speeds too great for safe at-grade intersection — eliminates grade conflicts
Only for pedestrian crossings
Only in rural areas with no signals available
Correct Answer
B. Traffic volumes are too high or speeds too great for safe at-grade intersection — eliminates grade conflicts
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Grade separator (overpass/underpass/interchange): at-grade intersection is replaced by grade separation when: (1) Traffic volume exceeds at-grade capacity (> 5000 PCU/h); (2) Design speed > 80 km/h (no at-grade crossings allowed on expressways); (3) Conflict between through and turning traffic is too high; (4) Safety requirements. Types: diamond, cloverleaf, trumpet.
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